UTIs account for more than 8.3 million office visits and more than one million hospital visits worldwide. Urinary tract infections are the leading cause of presentation and admissions of the adult population to hospitals worldwide. Urinary tract infection (UTI) refers to the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in any part of the urinary system. Resistance to gram-negative rods causing urinary tract infection is increasing a particular concern is increased resistance to beta-lactams, trimethoprim, and quinolones. Resistance to amoxicillin was found in 61.7%, trimethoprim in 36.2%, nitrofurantoin in 13.2%, ciprofloxacin in 25.6%, fosfomycin in 10.7%, co-amoxiclav in 36.2%, gentamicin in 12.8%, piperacillin-tazobactam in 7.1%, cephalexin in 44.4%, and meropenem in 0% of patients. Most of the samples (67.3%) were urine MSU, 23.1% catheter urine, and 9.6% were others, like from nephrostomy bags or unspecified. The mean age was 78 with a standard deviation (SD) of 13.15. Males were 40.4% of the patients were males, and 59.6% were females. Results were analyzed using SPSS version 13.Īltogether 156 patients were included in the study. Sensitivity and resistance were checked using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Sources of urine included midstream urine (MSU), catheter specimen urine (CSU), and others from nephrostomy bags and urine bags. Urine cultures of 156 patients admitted with urinary tract infection were collected and reviewed. This is a cross-sectional study conducted during six months (1st December 2019 to 1st June 2020) among adult patients admitted to Russells Hall Hospital Dudley, UK. The study aimed to determine the pattern of resistance to antibiotics in GNR causing urinary tract infection in adults. The resistance of these gram-negative rods to various antibiotics is increasing with time. Gram-negative rods (GNR) are the most common pathogens associated with urinary tract infections (UTI).

Gram negative rods in urine treatment